Stress Tests
A stress test, also called an exercise stress test, provides information about how well the heart works during physical activity. Because exercise makes the heart pump harder and faster than it does during most daily activities, a stress test may reveal heart problems that are not noticeable while the body is at rest.
Types of Cardiac Stress Tests
Treadmill Stress Test
A treadmill stress test may be performed when a patient can walk and has a normal electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). During the test, the patient walks on a treadmill while the care team monitors heart rate, blood pressure, symptoms and electrical activity in the heart.
The test helps determine how the heart responds to physical activity and whether the patient develops chest pain or ECG changes that may indicate reduced blood flow to the heart.
Stress Echocardiogram
An echocardiogram, often called an echo, uses ultrasound to create moving images of the heart. A stress echocardiogram evaluates the movement of the heart's walls and its pumping action while the heart is working harder.
The test may identify areas of reduced blood flow that are not apparent during other heart tests.
Dobutamine or Adenosine Stress Test
A dobutamine or adenosine stress test may be used for patients who are unable to exercise. Medication is given to make the heart respond in a way that is similar to its response during physical activity.
The care team monitors the patient's heart rate, blood pressure, electrical activity and symptoms to evaluate how the heart responds to stress without requiring exercise.
Nuclear Stress Test
A nuclear stress test helps determine which areas of the heart are receiving adequate blood flow and functioning normally. A small amount of radioactive tracer is injected into a vein. A special camera then detects the tracer and creates images of the heart.
Images are typically taken while the patient is at rest and after the heart has been stressed through exercise or medication. Comparing the images can help identify areas of the heart that may have reduced blood flow.
Tilt Table Test
A tilt table test helps a physician evaluate how changes in body position affect blood pressure, heart rate and blood flow. During the test, the patient lies on a table that is gradually tilted to create a position similar to standing.
The care team monitors and records the patient's blood pressure, heart rate and symptoms throughout the test. An abnormal response may help explain symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, lightheadedness or fainting.
