High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is often called the "silent killer" because it typically has no symptoms but can lead to serious health problems such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure.

Despite its prevalence, many people do not fully understand what hypertension is, what blood pressure readings mean, or how to manage it effectively.

“I see this all the time with my patients, which is why I take the time to walk them through what their numbers really mean,” said Dr. Derek Browne, DO, board certified in family medicine practicing in the Torrance Memorial Physician Network. “If you have wildly uncontrolled blood pressure, every time your heart beats you are putting it through extra work getting the blood out to the body and that can lead to very dangerous outcomes.”

What is Hypertension?

Hypertension is a condition where the force of the blood against the artery walls is consistently too high. Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) and is recorded with two numbers: systolic and diastolic.

Systolic Pressure: The top number measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart beats.

Diastolic Pressure: The bottom number measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart is at rest between beats.

For example, a reading of 120/80 mm Hg is considered normal. Hypertension is diagnosed when blood pressure readings are consistently 130/80 mm Hg or higher.

Browne advises his patients to check their blood pressure each morning, about an hour after waking and taking any prescribed medication.

“Blood pressure can fluctuate depending on a lot of factors: stress, caffeine intake, anxiety, frustration,” he said.

Why Understanding Blood Pressure Readings Matters

Blood pressure readings are crucial because they provide insights into the health of your cardiovascular system. Here's a breakdown of what the numbers mean:

• Normal: Less than 120/80 mm Hg
• Elevated: Systolic between 120-129 and diastolic less than 80
• Hypertension Stage 1: Systolic between 130-139 or diastolic between 80-89
• Hypertension Stage 2: Systolic at least 140 or diastolic at least 90
• Hypertensive Crisis: Systolic over 180 and/or diastolic over 120 (This requires immediate medical attention.)

Understanding these categories can help you and your healthcare provider take action to manage and control your blood pressure.

“Once we have some consistent readings, we can then start to develop a plan of action,” Browne said. “Is this a lifestyle issue, or diet? Hypertension can also have a very strong genetic component.”

Browne has patients who are generally healthy, eat well and exercise regularly, however, because of their background they require medication to help regulate their blood pressure.

Common Misconceptions About Hypertension

"I feel fine, so my blood pressure must be normal." Hypertension is often symptomless, especially in its early stages. Regular check-ups are crucial to detect it early.

"Only older adults need to worry about high blood pressure." While the risk increases with age, hypertension can affect people of all ages, including children.

"I don't need medication if my blood pressure is just a little high." Even slightly elevated blood pressure can lead to significant health issues over time. Lifestyle changes and, if necessary, medication are important for management.

How to Manage and Prevent Hypertension

• Regular Monitoring: Keep track of your blood pressure at home and during medical visits.
• Healthy Diet: Follow a balanced diet low in salt, rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
• Physical Activity: Engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week.
• Weight Management: Maintain a healthy weight to reduce strain on your heart.
• Limit Alcohol and Avoid Tobacco: Both can increase blood pressure and harm your heart.
• Stress Management: Practice relaxation techniques like yoga, meditation, or deep breathing exercises.

“We’ll even look at the type of job you do to see if that is causing you stress, or anxiety and to determine if it’s the right fit,” Browne said. “All these factors do play some role.”

Understanding hypertension and blood pressure readings is vital for maintaining cardiovascular health. By staying informed and proactive, you can manage your blood pressure effectively and reduce the risk of serious health complications.

Remember, regular check-ups and a healthy lifestyle are your best defenses against hypertension. If you have concerns about your blood pressure, consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice and treatment options.

To schedule an appointment with Dr. Derek Browne, DO, please call 310-257-5730. He is accepting new patients.